Telomeres are specialized DNA–protein structures located at the ends of human chromosomes.  They protect genetic material and ensure chromosome stability. Each time a cell divides, telomeres gradually shorten, acting like a "biological clock" that limits a cell’s lifespan. When telomeres  become critically short, cells lose their ability to divide and eventually enter senescence or die.

Telomere length is a powerful biomarker of aging. Shortening with each cell division, telomeres  reflect both cellular lifespan and overall health. Genetics, environment, and lifestyle all play a role in  this process. By measuring telomere length, we can better understand our "cellular age" and take  steps to adjust lifestyle habits—helping slow aging and promote healthier living.